perturbation of energy-level system

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• Energy level — A quantum mechanical system or particle that is bound that is, confined spatially can only take on certain discrete values of energy. This contrasts with classical particles, which can have any energy. These discrete values are called energy… …   Wikipedia

• Degenerate energy level — This article is about different quantum states having the same energy. For other uses, see Degeneracy. In physics, two or more different quantum states are said to be degenerate if they are all at the same energy level. Statistically this means… …   Wikipedia

• Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics) — In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated quantum system in terms of a simpler one. The idea is to start with a simple system for which a …   Wikipedia

• Heavy Rydberg system — A heavy Rydberg system consists of a weakly bound positive and negative ion orbiting their common centre of mass. Such systems share many properties with the conventional Rydberg atom and consequently are sometimes referred to as heavy Rydberg… …   Wikipedia

• Møller–Plesset perturbation theory — Electronic structure methods Tight binding Nearly free electron model Hartree–Fock method Modern valence bond Generalized valence bond Møller–Plesset perturbation th …   Wikipedia

• Møller-Plesset perturbation theory — (MP) is one of several quantum chemistry post Hartree Fock ab initio methods in the field of computational chemistry. It improves on the Hartree Fock method by adding electron correlation effects by means of Rayleigh Schrödinger perturbation… …   Wikipedia

• Complex system — This article largely discusses complex systems as a subject of mathematics and the attempts to emulate physical complex systems with emergent properties. For other scientific and professional disciplines addressing complexity in their fields see… …   Wikipedia

• Zero-point energy — is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical physical system may have; it is the energy of its ground state. All quantum mechanical systems undergo fluctuations even in their ground state and have an associated zero point energy, a… …   Wikipedia

• Complex adaptive system — Complex adaptive systems are special cases of complex systems. They are complex in that they are dynamic networks of interactions and relationships not aggregations of static entities. They are adaptive in that their individual and collective… …   Wikipedia

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• Photon — This article is about the elementary particle of light. For other uses, see Photon (disambiguation). Photon Photons emitted in a coherent beam from a laser Composition Elementary particle …   Wikipedia